Sunday 27 December 2009

A discussion about Karma

This is a typical explanation of karma given by many Buddhists. This (unedited) quote is taken from a text I just found, written by a Buddhist:

Whatever happens to us in our life is entirely self-generated. However, this life is not the only one. We have lived many, many times before. And in those previous lives we have at times been not very nice.


Imagine, for example, the history of the Nazis. They killed 6 million Jews alone, and millions more in the remaining time of their reign. What do you think will happen to them, karmically, as a group? They will come back as a group in a situation that will hand them a very, very unpleasant life. Think Africa, severe poverty and violance, AIDS, etc.
Here is the conversation that ensued:


K (me): I find it fairly shocking that you are basically saying that people in Africa living in conditions of dire poverty, violance (sic) and suffering from AIDS deserve what they have because they were probably Nazis in the past. To me this seems like a simplistic cop-out explanation for something that neither you nor I understand, i.e. why bad things happen to good people.

It's a nice cosy explanation but I'd like to ask you a question or two:

1. Do you have evidence for it? (this being the only believable explanation that anyone has come up with so far does not count as evidence).
2. Would you be prepared to tell somebody who is ill, suffering or living in poverty that their situation is a consequence of actions they took when they were King Henry VIII and beheaded 2 of their wives?

3. Is it important or necessary to find an explanation of why bad things happen to good people? You might say that it's important because if there are no consequences of our actions, people would have no reason to perform good deeds and be compassionnate. In response to this I would say that true compassion and truly good deeds are not done in order to gain some karmic prize for goodness. True compassion is spontaneous and any reward that may be received as a consequence is totally irrelevant to the person with true compassion.
 
A (him): Why does this upset you? Rather than responding to your question, I would love to respond to your anger. Do you feel anger? If so, what is the deepest reason for that? Ask me why the Tibetans got evicted by the Chinese and I will give you the detailed reasons for it.

K: *lol* Rather than respond to your question about my "anger", I would love to respond to your clever tactic to avoid my (reasonable) question. Why did you avoid it? Why do you think I am angry?

A: Tell me how you feel....

K: Eh?

A: Already now we have deterioation of communication. I asked why you are the only person with such heavy emotional reaction. Nobody else has responded the way you do. Are you looking for an answer or an excuse for confrontation?

K: Nobody else has responded the way I do. Perhaps they aren't particularly interested in the topic.

In terms of my personal motivations, I am interested in a constructive debate / conversation / discussion / exchange of ideas and challenges about the original topic: karma.

A: Okay. So, can you summarize your question then into one sentence?

K: That's difficult: too many things to say! :-) However, the three question I asked in my first response are the important ones for me (see above).

A: You may agree when I say that karmic circumstances are both individual and collective. You may agree with me when I say that when a group of people collectively kill six million Jews, that they will collectively get a bill. That is, if you agree that an action has a consequence. Concerning the Germans, I asked myself what would happen to them? When I did ask the question, the image of the starving and suffering Jews came to me, and suddenly it shifted and I saw Nazis incarned into situations of terrible suffering in Africa. So, that is a very subjective experience, you may do with it whatever you wish.



I would be prepared to tell somebody who is suffering to explore what has caused his suffering, so he won't repeat it. I would not share my view of what that might have been.

The question of Why is this happening to me? I hear it very often. I meet a lot of people and it comes up a lot. When you are part of an active process of alleviation of suffering, this is in fact a very crucial question. Christ healed a person and then said, Go and sin no more. He meant, don't repeat what got you into trouble. This seems rather wise to me.


Here is an extra. I was not joking about the Tibetans. I have gained a lot of information about Tibetan habits, which are hard to gain. The Lamas committed many atrocious things behind monastery walls. Even the Dalai Lama said, We have driven people away from our borders for 1,200 years. We should not expect anybody to help us. We have not helped anybody. Now, that is insight.

K: OK thanks for your opinion. Can I ask you another question? ;-)

How come there is an individual karma that passes from one individual sentient being to another after each death, when the individual self is just a delusion ? Why does it go from one individual to another? It shouldn't do that since the individual is by essence an illusion.

 H (new contributor): karmic vulnerability in its self is a beautiful thing for me. the moment i start trusting in it and not live in its denial...yes i do feel the pain (the negative aspect of karma) and get angry with myself and everyone else for pointing it out to me. this action in its self has been bringing out a very healing effect upon me...and yes, what my great great grandfather did or what i have done in my past subconsciously has been driving my actions (constructive and destructive) until this realization. digging into that can of worms is one messy place to be. on the otherhand....when i come upon the realization that in the law of karma....all good deeds my great great grandfather did and all in between including me...have a beautiful positive effect upon me. now this is one box of chocolates i love to be in and will nurture in the future. it is advisable to have the guidance of a trained buddhist healer, when working on karmic pain. Quote/ Albert Einstein - every action has an equal and opposite reaction. trust my share helps.

love to all and happy new year.

A: If you are acqainted with Buddhist Doctrines, here it becomes important to know about the existance of the Doctrine of Two Truths. Truly, truly important, because I see a lot of spiritual folks tripping over this point. The Doctrine of Two Truths (you can google it, or find it on Wikipedia) talks about there being Two Truths, the one being Absolute and the other being Relative. I think Nagarjuna went heavily into this.


On the Absolute nothing ever changes and nothing means anything, even if entire galaxies come and go. It is on the Absolute level that there is no individual self and nothing changes. But on the Relative level, even if you are a Buddha, it will make a difference if in the morning you take the Absolute for a walk in your body ... if you go left in front of your house, or right.... the result will be rather different.... See More

The guru phenomena of the 80 were a good example of misunderstanding this. They all thought the Guru is the Absolute, therefore can do no wrong. Well, wrong! If the Absolute navigates in the Relative context, we have continuous decisions, no , yes, good, bad, day, night ... take a subway trip in NY at midnight... good idea, bad idea... You get what I mean.

The doctrine of Two Truths corelates to Buddhas statement, Emptiness is Form and Form is Emptiness. On the Form level there is duality and decisions and choices. On the Emptiness Level there is no such thing. But down here, if "you" or whatever causes you to act ..... slap somebody, somebody will slap "You or whatever" BACK. Simple.

To make it really complicated, You also suffer the consequences of your ancestors actions. Now, you can ask me about that next.

In my personal meditations I discovered there is no I. How did you discover it?
 
K: Happy New Year to you too H and A.


Nice quote from Einstein. I don't think Einstein mentioned anything about karma passing on from Mr Smith to a camel or a starving African child though.

I totally agree that actions that people in our distant past (even before we were born) can have an effect on us. Great Grandfather affected the emotions and behaviour of Grandma, whose emotions and behaviour in turn affected Dad, who of course had a huge influence on us in our childhood and therefore the rest of our lives and our psyche too.

If that's what we're debating, I think we're all in agreement.

What we're really debating, though, is whether an individual's actions in their current life really do have consequences in their own future lives. And as the individual self is, according to Buddhist thought, a non-existant, I don't see how these two views are compatible.
 
A: If you make Buddhist Thought your Absolute God, without having any direct experience, then we argue about air. Let us stop here. Have a good day.
_______________________________________________
 
Readers: your thoughts on this topic would be greatly appreciated, by me if by nobody else! I'm struggling with this topic. I'm finding it difficult to accept that people living in dire poverty in Africa, or suffering the effects of global warming and rising sea levels in Bangladesh, brought it upon themselves because they were war criminals or mass murderers or whatever in a former life. I mean.... what?
 
I don't have an explanation as to why some people suffer more than others, but I prefer to accept my ignorance on these matters than to take on an unconvincing, irrational, absurd explanation such as this.

Sunday 13 December 2009

Things I want to write about

  •  the concept of and the word "spirituality"
  • reincarnation
  • the crossover between psychology and spirituality
  • morality
  • existentialism and Buddhism

These topics are all things that come and go from my mind and turn round and round in there like in a washing machine. At the moment, they feel a bit like massive double bedspreads that you don't want to take out of the washing machine because you know the're going to take some grappling with before you can get them in some kind of order.

Basically, they're big subjects and I would like to deal with them properly (as they stand in my current understanding of things) rather than just banging out something quick because it's been a few days since I posted.

Watch this space...

Panic attack



So one day a week or so ago I had a nasty experience after meditation.

I had done a 40 minute metta bhavana (development of loving kindness) meditation during the evening, and all was well. But when I went to bed everything looked and felt weird. My head felt heavier than normal. My curtains and the pictures on my wall looked bigger and darker and different. The silhouette of my bedside lamp in the dark looked utterly strange against the white curtain with the moonlight coming through. I felt detached from myself, from my body. Panic started to well up inside me so I turned the light on. The square shape of my room, the corners of the ceiling, looked sharp and heavy, and the little specks of paint on the wall seemed to be moving the more I stared at them.

All sorts of stuff started running through my mind. My train of thought went something like this, as far as I can remember: "I'm a consciousness inside my head and I'm going to be with this consciousness for 50 or 60 years more, then I'm going to die. My mum is going to die, and my dad too, and suffering is ahead of me in life.... Ssshhhh, you don't need to deal with that now. You're freaking out because the curtains look weird. Don't think about dying right now. Shit, shit, I forgot to breathe. I'm going to suddenly stop breathing and die. I must keep control, cos I'm freaking out and when I'm freaking out I'm frightened that I'll do something totally crazy like smother myself or bang my head against the wall. Don't move. Don't move. Arrrggghhh this is what they say in Buddhism, that everything is impermanent and not accepting that makes us suffer, so I need to get over my fear of dying right now or I'm gonna be freaking out like this until I'm 80. OK so we're all going to die. I can accept that. ARRGGGHHHH the wall is moving...." and so on and so on.

It went on like that for about twenty minutes (though I'm not really sure) and eventually I put on some Mozart, focused on that, calmed down and went to sleep.

The generally accepted Buddhist interpretation of this would perhaps be that I was facing some kind of reality, i.e. that of death and non-self, and that I could have learnt something from that experience, looked fear right in the face and seen it for what it was: delusion. This, anyway, is what I suspect many Buddhists might say.

The generally accepted modern psychological interpretation of this would perhaps be that I had a panic attack and that it's perhaps not a good idea to do meditation just before going to bed.

I am concerned that the reason some Buddhists would assure me that the Buddhist interpretation of my experience is truer is that it fits nice and squarely with Buddhist teachings, rather than the person in question having had any real experience of panic attack or genuinely knowing what the best thing to do is.

I sometimes get the impression that some people might be tempted not to look at each situation and think about what genuinely would be the healthiest thing for the person who is asking for advice to do, but rather to give a nice, wise-sounding Buddhisty answer, something along the lines of "face your fear and you will see through it" or "you fear losing control because you are attached to control."

Maybe there is some truth in those statements, but I say in response to that advice: go and have a panic attack, see how it feels, then come back and tell me what to do.

Saturday 12 December 2009

The Prayer of St Francis

I've always liked this prayer, ever since I was a child. Just take out references to Lord and Divine Master and I'm happy!

Lord, make me a channel of thy peace;
that where there is hatred, I may bring love;
that where there is wrong, I may bring the spirit of forgiveness;
that where there is discord, I may bring harmony;
that where there is error, I may bring truth;
that where there is doubt, I may bring faith;
that where there is despair, I may bring hope;
that where there are shadows, I may bring light;
that where there is sadness, I may bring joy.
Lord, grant that I may seek rather to comfort than to be comforted;
to understand, than to be understood;
to love, than to be loved.
For it is by self-forgetting that one finds.
It is by forgiving that one is forgiven.
It is by dying that one awakens to eternal life.
Amen.

Tuesday 8 December 2009

Shambhala : first impressions




Some (fairly random) observations, in no particular order:

  • There were lots of people there, who all seemed very nice and friendly.
  • The guy teaching the meditation was around 50, French, and pleasant.
  • They bang on the gong differently to the Zen centre.

  • There was a lot of chanting, which went very quickly and I didn't understand what I was chanting.
  • We meditated for 30 mins then did a walking meditation of 10 mins. I think that might be different on normal evenings, but that's what we did last week.

  • The cushions are red and yellow and square shaped.

  • There are lots of gold and coloured things around, lots of ornaments and pictures and flags and statues. However, the meditation seemed almost less formal than Zen. Maybe this was because there were so many people there so there was more noise and shifting around and coughing and things.

  • The meditation was mindfulness of breathing, then there was a ceremony for someone who had died so we did tonglen (giving and receiving feelings of another person to put yourself in their place and take their pain). I assume the funeral service was atypical for their meditation evenings. Either way, it made me cry.

  • After the meditation the people stood around chatting. This was pleasant and I found it more relaxing in some ways than the Zen centre.
  • I got into a discussion with a guy who I think must be a regular there. I'm not sure what his role was in the evening, but he started going on about realms of existence - the hell realms, animal realms and so on and reincarnation. I was getting frustrated with him because I think he assumed I hadn't even thought about the idea before, so he was basically lecturing me on the topic of reincarnation, i.e. if you kill people you'll pay the price.

  • I'm not sure what I think about the meditation teacher. Some people were discussing the pros and cons of having your eyes open during meditation, and he seemed completely unwilling to entertain the idea of having one's eyes closed. He ended up by saying "well, in this tradition I insist that you keep your eyes open." - that didn't impress me too much, in spite of the fact that I can see the obvious benefits to meditating with your eyes open (i.e. it is the link between your meditation and the world). I'm keeping an open mind, and, next time I go there, open eyes it seems!
  • There was a buffet, which had chocolate biscuits and red wine (in the keeping of the lineage of Trungpa Rinpoche, I thought, but decided not to say it out loud). The wine was very good.

So it was a mixed experience. I'm going to go again tonight and see what happens on a more normal evening, without funerals but hopefully still with wine and chocolate biscuits.

For more information about Shambhala:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shambhala_Buddhism - the Wikipedia page (!)
http://paris.shambhala.fr/ - the centre in Paris I went to

Getting around...

...the Buddhist centres, that is.

In January this year, in Poland, I met two meditators who run an FWBO (Friends of the Western Buddhist Order) centre in Krakow. I went there regularly until June, when I left Krakow. During the 6 months I went on a weekend retreat. The types of meditation taught at the Krakow centre are mindfulness of breathing and metta bhavana (development of loving kindness).

This summer I meditated a little bit on my own at home, and went on a weekend retreat with the NKT (New Kadampa Trust) in September. The meditations we practised there were mindfulness of breathing, metta bhavana and some visualisations to encourage positive states of mind and eliminate negative ones.

In Paris I've tried out a few different groups. I started off going to an FWBO group then changed to a Zen centre, which I've found very interesting. The meditation is unguided but I spoke to the teacher there who suggested I do mindfulness of breathing and some loving kindness meditation. This was after I went to him when I was upset.

Last week I tried out a new centre: Shambhala. It was a slightly mixed experience. I'll write about it in my next post. I'm going to go there again tonight to see if last week was a typical experience or not.

I want to try out lots of different groups and different methods of meditation and see what works best for me, and where I most click with the people who go there. I think that's almost more important than the school of Buddhism or the lineage or the particular traditions they conform to.

Thursday 3 December 2009

Love after love

I know at the moment I'm posting a lot of stuff written or created by other people. This is because other people can often express it a lot better than I can!

So here's a poem for you.

Love After Love, by Derek Walcott

The time will come
when, with elation
you will greet yourself arriving
at your own door, in your own mirror
and each will smile at the other's welcome,

and say, sit here. Eat.
You will love again the stranger who was your self.
Give wine. Give bread. Give back your heart
to itself, to the stranger who has loved you

all your life, whom you ignored
for another, who knows you by heart.
Take down the love letters from the bookshelf,

the photographs, the desperate notes,
peel your own image from the mirror.
Sit. Feast on your life.

Wednesday 2 December 2009

The Sound of Silence



Hello darkness, my old friend
I've come to talk with you again
Because a vision softly creeping
Left its seeds while I was sleeping
And the vision that was planted in my brain
Still remains
Within the sound of silence

In restless dreams I walked alone
Narrow streets of cobblestone
'Neath the halo of a street lamp
I turn my collar to the cold and damp
When my eyes were stabbed by the flash of a neon light
That split the night
And touched the sound of silence

And in the naked light I saw
Ten thousand people maybe more
People talking without speaking
People hearing without listening
People writing songs that voices never shared
No one dared
Disturb the sound of silence

"Fools," said I, "you do not know
Silence like a cancer grows
Hear my words that I might teach you
Take my arms that I might reach you"
But my words like silent raindrops fell
And echoed in the wells of silence

And the people bowed and prayed
To the neon god they made
And the sign flashed out its warning
In the words that it was forming
And the sign said "The words of the prophets are written on the subway walls
And tenement halls
And whispered in the sound of silence